diff --git a/nginx/default.conf b/nginx/default.conf
index cfcb846..43d9a0d 100644
--- a/nginx/default.conf
+++ b/nginx/default.conf
@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ server {
 	proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
 	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+	proxy_read_timeout 600s;
 	proxy_pass http://travel-proxy:8000/api/travel/;
   }
 
diff --git a/travel-proxy/app/db.py b/travel-proxy/app/db.py
index 527ad55..48d0462 100644
--- a/travel-proxy/app/db.py
+++ b/travel-proxy/app/db.py
@@ -175,3 +175,59 @@ def mark_thumb_done(album: str, filename: str) -> None:
             "UPDATE photos SET has_thumb = 1 WHERE album = ? AND filename = ?",
             (album, filename),
         )
+
+
+def batch_sync_album(album: str, items: List[Dict[str, Any]], existing_filenames: Set[str]) -> Dict[str, int]:
+    """앨범 단위 배치 동기화. 단일 커넥션으로 upsert + 삭제 처리."""
+    added = updated = 0
+    with _conn() as conn:
+        for item in items:
+            existing = conn.execute(
+                "SELECT mtime FROM photos WHERE album = ? AND filename = ?",
+                (album, item["filename"]),
+            ).fetchone()
+            if not existing:
+                conn.execute(
+                    "INSERT INTO photos (album, filename, mtime, has_thumb) VALUES (?, ?, ?, 0)",
+                    (album, item["filename"], item["mtime"]),
+                )
+                added += 1
+            elif existing["mtime"] != item["mtime"]:
+                conn.execute(
+                    "UPDATE photos SET mtime = ?, has_thumb = 0 WHERE album = ? AND filename = ?",
+                    (item["mtime"], album, item["filename"]),
+                )
+                updated += 1
+
+        # 삭제 처리
+        db_rows = conn.execute(
+            "SELECT filename FROM photos WHERE album = ?", (album,)
+        ).fetchall()
+        db_filenames = {r["filename"] for r in db_rows}
+        to_remove = db_filenames - existing_filenames
+
+        removed = len(to_remove)
+        if to_remove:
+            placeholders = ",".join("?" for _ in to_remove)
+            conn.execute(
+                f"DELETE FROM photos WHERE album = ? AND filename IN ({placeholders})",
+                [album, *to_remove],
+            )
+            conn.execute(
+                f"DELETE FROM album_covers WHERE album = ? AND filename IN ({placeholders})",
+                [album, *to_remove],
+            )
+
+    return {"added": added, "updated": updated, "removed": removed}
+
+
+def batch_mark_thumbs_done(items: List[Dict[str, str]]) -> None:
+    """썸네일 생성 완료 배치 표시."""
+    if not items:
+        return
+    with _conn() as conn:
+        for item in items:
+            conn.execute(
+                "UPDATE photos SET has_thumb = 1 WHERE album = ? AND filename = ?",
+                (item["album"], item["filename"]),
+            )
diff --git a/travel-proxy/app/indexer.py b/travel-proxy/app/indexer.py
index a7cfb41..fa6f85e 100644
--- a/travel-proxy/app/indexer.py
+++ b/travel-proxy/app/indexer.py
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def sync(
         elif isinstance(v, dict) and isinstance(v.get("albums"), list):
             all_albums.update(v["albums"])
 
-    # 2. 각 앨범 폴더 스캔 → DB 동기화
+    # 2. 각 앨범 폴더 스캔 → DB 배치 동기화
     added = 0
     updated = 0
     removed = 0
@@ -100,29 +100,27 @@ def sync(
     for album in sorted(all_albums):
         folder = travel_root / album
         items = _scan_folder(folder)
-        existing_filenames = set()
+        existing_filenames = {item["filename"] for item in items}
 
-        for item in items:
-            existing_filenames.add(item["filename"])
-            result = db.upsert_photo(album, item["filename"], item["mtime"])
-            if result == "added":
-                added += 1
-            elif result == "updated":
-                updated += 1
-
-        removed += db.remove_missing_photos(album, existing_filenames)
+        result = db.batch_sync_album(album, items, existing_filenames)
+        added += result["added"]
+        updated += result["updated"]
+        removed += result["removed"]
 
     # 3. 썸네일 미생성 분 일괄 생성
     no_thumb = db.get_photos_without_thumb()
     thumbs_generated = 0
+    thumb_done_batch = []
 
     for photo in no_thumb:
         src = travel_root / photo["album"] / photo["filename"]
         dest = thumb_root / photo["album"] / photo["filename"]
         if _generate_thumb(src, dest):
-            db.mark_thumb_done(photo["album"], photo["filename"])
+            thumb_done_batch.append(photo)
             thumbs_generated += 1
 
+    db.batch_mark_thumbs_done(thumb_done_batch)
+
     duration = round(time.time() - start, 2)
     logger.info(
         "Sync complete: added=%d updated=%d removed=%d thumbs=%d duration=%.2fs",